Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are an important class of anticancer drugs used for the treatment of various cancers. These drugs work by blocking the action of PARP enzymes that are involved in DNA repair. Cancers with defects in homologous recombination repair (HRR) are particularly sensitive to PARP inhibitors. Identification of suitable biomarkers can help optimize the clinical use of PARP inhibitors and improve patient outcomes.