The icing of surfaces is an underlying issue which incurs high cost and handicaps safety and functionality. There has been several instances of icing having the toll on ships, aircraft, cars, railways, cooling systems, roller shutters and wind turbines. Nevertheless, the deposition of ice on surface leads to lower energy output, higher energy consumption and an increased risk of accidents. Besides, icing is known to cause increased maintenance and downtimes, inhibiting the efficiency of the ... Read more
