Cross laminated timber can be defined as a prefabricated solid engineered wood panel that is made up of two or three bonded layers of solid-sawn lumber. This lumber is bonded together with the help of adhesives as well as with beech screws or dowels and aluminum nails. This process helps provide shape to the wooden panels and can be further used for roof, floor, or wall applications. Cross laminated timber is a largesized building material that is generally used for applications such as residential buildings, educational institutes, government buildings, and industrial and commercial spaces.

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Cross laminated timber is used as a sustainable building material and is considered a sustainable solution as compared to concrete, structural steel, and load bearing bricks and block construction. Cross laminated timber is manufactured from timber, which is easily recyclable. Cross laminated timber was first introduced in Europe in the early 1990s. Since then it has been used all over the world due to its favorable properties. The development of cross laminated timber started in Switzerland, Germany, and Austria. During the development stage, only two layered timber structures were used for roofing systems. This two- layered timber structure was only used to construct residential buildings. However, research and development, wide acceptance of the product, and initiating building codes helped increase demand for cross laminated timber for non-residential applications.

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Cross laminated timber has various advantages over concrete and steel. It is considered as an advanced building material in the construction industry due to its superior properties. Cross laminated timber helps reduce risks at construction sites. It reduces the impact of construction activity on the environment and decreases disruption in local communities. The prefabricated nature of cross laminated timber helps in completion of the construction process within a few days as compared to other building materials such as cement, brick, or steel. Cross laminated timber is generally assembled on site, where it is connected by the means of mechanically fastening systems such as bolts, lag bolts, self-tapping screws, etc.. This allows the reduction of labor costs as well construction time of buildings. Cross laminated timber also provides safety against fire. Its properties such as low density and high permeability offer heat insulation and protect the wood.

The demand for cross laminated timber has increased due to awareness about deforestation and climate change in the construction industry worldwide. In most of countries, forest and climate sustainability is on the priority list. Thus, government agencies, timber trade federations, and large construction companies are promoting the usage of cross laminated timber in more and more construction projects. Cross laminated timber reduces fresh water consumption. It enhances indoor environment quality, which helps in the sustainability of the environment. It also helps in keeping the environment clean by generating zero waste during its production.

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Cross laminated timber has wider usage in Europe as compared to other regions in the world. Since cross laminated timber is a new material, there is little specific technical documentation regarding the erection of structures designed and built with cross laminated timber panels. The technical documents currently available mostly are related to the European and North American region. Therefore, design professionals, builders, architects, etc. from other parts of the world find the documents insufficient and incomplete to help them utilize cross laminated timber in their construction projects. In most parts of the world, concrete and steel are largely used as compared to cross laminated timber. Some governments do not allow the use of wood as a structural material to construct high storey buildings. In the U.S., the International Building Code (IBC) limits wooden buildings to four stories.

A major restraint in using cross laminated timber is the lack of knowledge about the material in the construction industry in most parts of the world. Another significant barrier in using cross laminated timber is overcoming the testing of housing systems for fire resistance and acoustics. There are gaps in public knowledge regarding cross laminated timber as it is still a new product. Awareness about the material is still uncommon in most of the parts of the world such as Latin America, Middle East, and Asia. Many contractors, building owners, and construction professionals believe in myths regarding cross laminated timber such as structures made from the material cost more than concrete structures, the fire resistance of cross laminated timber structures cannot replicate the performance of concrete, cross laminated timber cannot survive a major earthquake, etc.